Mô hình bài LAB:
Yêu cầu:
- Cấu hình OSPF multi-area trên các routers
- Tạo một virtual link cho area 100 (cấu hình tại R2 và R3)
- Summarize các routes từ area 100 (cấu hình tại R3)
- Generate một default route từ R1 (cấu hình tại R1)
1.Cấu hình của các routers
---------
R1
---------
R1#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1074 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback30
ip address 172.30.30.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
clock rate 64000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
!
router ospf 10
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
default-information originate always <-- tạo ra 1 default route quảng bá đến các OSPF routers
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
!
end
----------
R2
----------
R2#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1072 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
interface Loopback2
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
clock rate 64000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
ip address 10.1.23.1 255.255.255.0
clock rate 64000
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
!
router ospf 10
router-id 10.1.2.1 <== router ID được sử dụng để cấu hình virtual link
log-adjacency-changes
area 10 virtual-link 10.1.3.1 <== cấu hình virtual link cho area 10
network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
!
end
-----------
R3
-----------
R3#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1496 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
ip cef
!
interface Loopback3
ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback100
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback101
ip address 192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback102
ip address 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback103
ip address 192.168.103.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1
ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
clock rate 64000
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
!
router ospf 10
router-id 10.1.3.1 <== router ID được sử dụng để cấu hình virtual link
log-adjacency-changes
area 10 virtual-link 10.1.2.1 <== cấu hình virtual link cho area 10
area 100 range 192.168.100.0 255.255.252.0 <== summarize các routes bên trong area 100
network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
network 192.168.101.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
network 192.168.102.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
network 192.168.103.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
!
end
2.Xem lại các cấu hình
Show virtual links trên R2 (R3)
---------
R2
---------
R2#show ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 10.1.3.1 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 10, via interface Serial0/1, Cost of using 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:01
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 2/3, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
----------
R3
----------
R3#show ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 10.1.2.1 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 10, via interface Serial0/1, Cost of using 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:05
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 1/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Xem bảng routing table
----------
R1
----------
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.30.30.0 is directly connected, Loopback30
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
O 10.1.2.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.12.2, 00:19:00, Serial0/0
O IA 10.1.3.1/32 [110/129] via 10.1.12.2, 00:19:00, Serial0/0
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
O IA 10.1.23.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.12.2, 00:19:00, Serial0/0
O IA 192.168.100.0/22 [110/129] via 10.1.12.2, 00:19:00, Serial0/0 <== summarized route
----------
R2
----------
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 10.1.12.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
O 10.1.3.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.23.2, 00:20:08, Serial0/1
C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
O 10.1.1.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.12.1, 00:20:08, Serial0/0
C 10.1.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.12.1, 00:20:08, Serial0/0 <== default route từ R1 gửi tới
O IA 192.168.100.0/22 [110/65] via 10.1.23.2, 00:20:08, Serial0/1 <== summarized route
----------
R3
----------
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 10.1.23.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.1.12.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.23.1, 00:21:00, Serial0/1
C 10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback3
O 10.1.2.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.23.1, 00:21:00, Serial0/1
O 10.1.1.1/32 [110/129] via 10.1.23.1, 00:21:00, Serial0/1
C 10.1.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
C 192.168.102.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback102
C 192.168.103.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback103
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback100
C 192.168.101.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback101
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.23.1, 00:21:00, Serial0/1 <== default route
O 192.168.100.0/22 is a summary, 00:21:10, Null0 <== nếu có 1 gói tin được gửi đến địa chỉ 192.160.100.0/22 của R3 thì sẽ drop
